@article{bruns_just_2021,

title = {Just how large is Rupert Murdoch's reach within Australian media?},

author = {Axel Bruns},

url = {https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-04-14/fact-file-rupert-murdoch-media-reach-in-australia/100056660},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-04-01},

urldate = {2022-04-26},

journal = {ABC News},

abstract = {As a Senate inquiry delves into media diversity in Australia, RMIT ABC Fact Check looks at the depth and breadth of Rupert Murdoch's News Corp across the nation.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{bailo_institutional_2021,

title = {The Institutional Impacts of Algorithmic Distribution: Facebook and the Australian News Media},

author = {Francesco Bailo and James Meese and Edward Hurcombe},

url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/20563051211024963},

doi = {10.1177/20563051211024963},

issn = {2056-3051, 2056-3051},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-04-01},

urldate = {2021-11-10},

journal = {Social Media + Society},

volume = {7},

number = {2},

pages = {205630512110249},

abstract = {Since changing its algorithm in January 2018 to boost the content of family and friends over other content (including news), Facebook has signaled that it is less interested in news. However, the field is still trying to understand the long-term impacts of this change for news publishers. This is a problem because policymakers and legislators across the world are becoming concerned about the relationship between platforms and publishers. In particular, there are worries that platforms’ ability to make unilateral decisions about how their algorithms operate may harm the economic sustainability of journalism. This article provides some clarity around the relationship between these two parties through a longitudinal study of the Australian news media sector’s relationship with Facebook from 2014 to 2020, with a particular focus on the January 2018 algorithm change. We do this by analyzing Facebook data (2,082,804 posts from CrowdTangle) and external traffic data from 32 major Australian news outlets. These data are contextualized by additional desk research. We identify a range of trends including the decline of news sharing, the collapse in the performance of “social news,” the variable position of social media as a source of referral traffic, and, most critically, the diffused nature of the 2018 algorithm change. Our approach cannot make direct causal inferences. We can only identify trends in on-platform performance and referral traffic, which we then contextualize with industry reportage. However, the data provide vital longitudinal insights into the performance and responses of individual media outlets, news categories, and the Australian media sector as a whole during a critical moment of algorithmic change.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{zalnieriute_data_2021,

title = {Data Transfers after Schrems II: The EU-US Disagreements Over Data Privacy and National Security},

author = {Monika Zalnieriute},

url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3826878},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-04-01},

urldate = {2022-05-03},

abstract = {In the long-awaited Schrems II decision, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) took a radical, although not an unexpected, step in invalidating the Privacy Shield Agreement which facilitated the European Union \textendash United States data transfers. Schrems II illuminates the long-lasting international disagreements between the EU and USA over data protection, national security, and the fundamental differences between the public and private approaches to protection of human rights in data-driven economy and modern state. This article approaches the decision via an interdisciplinary lens of international law and international relations and situates it in a broader historical context. In particular, I rely on the historical institutionalist approach which emphasizes the importance of time and timing (also called sequencing) as well as institutional preferences of different actors to demonstrate that Schrems II decision further solidifies and cements CJEU’s principled approach to data protection, rejecting data securitization and surveillance in the post-Snowden era. Schrems II aims to re-balance the terms of international cooperation in data-sharing across the Atlantic and beyond. It is the outcome that the US tech companies and the government feared. Yet, they are not the only actors displeased with the decision. An institutionalist emphasis enables us to see that the EU is not a monolithic block, and Schrems II outcome is also contrary to the strategy and preferences of the EU Commission. The invalidation of the Privacy Shield will now (again) require either a reorientation of EU policy and priorities, or accommodation of the institutional preferences of its powerful political ally \textendash the USA. The CJEU decision goes against the European Data Strategy, and places a $7.1 trillion transatlantic economic relationship at risk. Historical institutional analysis suggests the structural changes in the US legal system to address the inadequacies in the Schrems II judgment are unlikely. Therefore, the EU Commission will act quick to create a solution - another quick contractual ‘fix’ - to accommodate US exceptionalism and gloss over the decades of disagreement between the EU and USA over data protection, national security and privacy. When two powerful actors are unwilling to change their institutional preferences, ‘contracting out’ the protection of human rights in international law is the most convenient option.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{selwyn_necessary_2021,

title = {A necessary evil? The rise of online exam proctoring in Australian universities},

author = {Neil Selwyn and Chris O’Neill and Gavin Smith and Mark Andrejevic and Xin Gu},

url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1329878X211005862},

doi = {10.1177/1329878X211005862},

issn = {1329-878X, 2200-467X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-04-01},

urldate = {2022-03-09},

journal = {Media International Australia},

pages = {1329878X2110058},

abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic has seen the rapid but sometimes controversial take-up of ‘online examination proctoring’ systems by universities keen to maintain their assessment schedules during times of campus closure. Following the theoretical tradition of media ‘domestication’, this article examines the mainstream adoption of different online proctoring systems in Australian higher education during the first year of the pandemic. Through analysis of interviews, documents, news, social media and marketing materials, the article examines the ‘appropriation’, ‘objectification’, incorporation’ and ‘conversion’ of proctoring technology from the perspective of commercial providers, university authorities, university staff and student groups. This raises a number of critical issues underpinning the adoption of this exam surveillance technology \textendash not least the surrender of control to commercial providers, the hidden labour required to sustain ‘automated’ systems and the increased vulnerabilities of ‘remote’ studying.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{horst_storing_2021,

title = {Storing and sharing: Everyday relationships with digital material},

author = {Heather Horst and Jolynna Sinanan and Larissa Hjorth},

url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1461444820953517},

doi = {10.1177/1461444820953517},

issn = {1461-4448, 1461-7315},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-04-01},

urldate = {2023-04-06},

journal = {New Media \& Society},

volume = {23},

number = {4},

pages = {657\textendash671},

abstract = {Solid-state drives, Bluetooth capabilities, smartphones, “the cloud,” social media platforms, and other digital technologies have fundamentally altered how we share and store digital materials. This article sets an agenda for understanding how people manage the proliferation of digital material in their everyday lives through a close examination of the strategies and rituals different people around the world employ to organize, curate, or delete digital materials. Drawing upon findings from 11 articles, it contextualizes contemporary forms with digital media and technologies with existing cultural practices of sharing and storing in relation to wider social and cultural systems and infrastructures such as household and family, logistics, health, government, and governance. We argue that the proliferation of platforms, changes in temporalities, and the emergence of different forms of digital labor have fundamentally shaped the ways in which we share and store digital material.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{horst_digital_2021,

title = {Digital housekeeping: Living with data},

author = {Heather Horst and Jolynna Sinanan},

url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1461444820953535},

doi = {10.1177/1461444820953535},

issn = {1461-4448, 1461-7315},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-04-01},

urldate = {2023-04-06},

journal = {New Media \& Society},

volume = {23},

number = {4},

pages = {834\textendash852},

abstract = {The availability and affordability of memory and other services formats to store digital material has proliferated over the past 15 years. Making, sharing and storing digital material is now a mundane practice that is part of a broader ecology of living with different kinds of data. This article examines routines of managing networked technologies in the home: digital housekeeping through three core practices of sharing and storing everyday data. The first, what we will call tidying, involves the everyday routines of cleaning up the mess of data through practices such as syncing material ‘in the cloud’, creating inboxes and manually moving digital data such as pictures and videos to ‘folders’. The second set of practices comprises more periodic, but deeper forms of sorting, spring cleaning. During digital spring cleaning, the focus is upon decluttering digital data by disposing, editing and other forms of curation whereby digital materials can be ‘located’ when desired in the future. The final set of practices, moving house, consists of the shift or relocation of digital data from one device or service to another. Depending upon the age and functioning of the device or service, this often involves changes in format to render digital data useful into the future, the realisation of lost data, as well as an additional assessment of the value of moving such digital material. Through fine-grained attention to the ways in which households live with digital materials, this article considers the engagement with and consequence of everyday data in our lives.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{pink_digital_2021,

title = {Digital social work: Conceptualising a hybrid anticipatory practice},

author = {Sarah Pink and Harry Ferguson and Laura Kelly},

url = {http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/14733250211003647},

doi = {10.1177/14733250211003647},

issn = {1473-3250, 1741-3117},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-01},

urldate = {2021-11-10},

booktitle = {Digital Anthropology},

journal = {Qualitative Social Work},

pages = {147332502110036},

publisher = {Routledge},

edition = {2},

abstract = {While the use of digital media and technologies has impacted social work for several years, the Covid-19 pandemic and need for physical distancing dramatically accelerated the systematic use of video calls and other digital practices to interact with service users. This article draws from our research into child protection to show how digital social work was used during the pandemic, critically analyse the policy responses, and make new concepts drawn from digital and design anthropology available to the profession to help it make sense of these developments. While policy responses downgraded digital practices to at best a last resort, we argue that the digital is now an inevitable and necessary element of social work practice, which must be understood as a hybrid practice that integrates digital practices such as video calls and face-to-face interactions. Moving forward, hybrid digital social work should be a future-ready element of practice, designed to accommodate uncertainties as they arise and sensitive to the improvisatory practice of social workers.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{meese_journalism_2021,

title = {Journalism Policy across the Commonwealth: Partial Answers to Public Problems},

author = {James Meese},

url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/21670811.2020.1835514},

doi = {10.1080/21670811.2020.1835514},

issn = {2167-0811, 2167-082X},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-01},

urldate = {2021-11-10},

journal = {Digital Journalism},

volume = {9},

number = {3},

pages = {255\textendash275},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{bruns_these_2021,

title = {These graphs tell the story of Facebook's news ban \textemdash and what happened after},

author = {Axel Bruns},

url = {https://www.abc.net.au/news/science/2021-03-03/facebook-news-ban-australian-publisher-page-views-rebound/13206616},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-01},

urldate = {2022-04-26},

journal = {ABC News},

abstract = {If there was ever any question about Facebook's power to direct traffic to news sites, these graphs put the matter beyond doubt.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{bruns_facebooks_2021,

title = {Facebook's Australian news wipeout showed it can delete our history at any time},

author = {Axel Bruns},

url = {https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/mar/01/facebooks-australian-news-wipeout-showed-it-can-delete-our-history-at-any-time},

doi = {10.5210/spir.v2021i0.12091},

issn = {0261-3077},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-01},

urldate = {2022-04-26},

booktitle = {AoIR Selected Papers of Internet Research},

journal = {The Guardian},

address = {USA},

chapter = {Opinion},

series = {Selected Papers in Internet Research 2021: Research from the Annual Conference of the Association of Internet Researchers.},

abstract = {Although social media seems public, the platforms can extinguish access or delete content at their whim},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{albury_men_2021,

title = {Men seeking women: Awkwardness, shame, and other affective encounters with dating apps},

author = {Kath Albury and Anthony McCosker and Clifton Evers},

url = {https://journals.uic.edu/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/11637},

doi = {10.5210/fm.v26i4.11637},

issn = {1396-0466},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-01},

urldate = {2021-11-10},

journal = {First Monday},

abstract = {This paper draws on qualitative research conducted with cis men aged 18\textendash35, who used dating apps to meet women both before and during COVID-19 lockdown. Men in our study \textemdash which sought to better understand the aspects of app use that make young people feel safer or less safe \textemdash offered affectively loaded accounts of app use, which featured racialized and gendered experiences of ‘awkwardness’, shame, and contempt. Our analysis engages with Bollen and McInnes’ concept of ‘sexual choreographies’, which focused on the inter-affective and embodied aspects of cis gay men’s sexual learning practices as a means of reframing our thinking around the ways cis men who date women engage with dating app technologies and cultures. Drawing on Elspeth Probyn’s theorization of shame as a pedagogically productive affect, we argue that the affect-response of shame-humiliation can be turned to a productive, self-reflexive opportunity for improving gendered experiences of app use.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}